The smallest and most ancient representative of the genus Megatherium Cuvier, 1796 (Xenarthra, Tardigrada, Megatheriidae), from the Pliocene of the Bolivian Altiplano
Identifieur interne : 000326 ( France/Analysis ); précédent : 000325; suivant : 000327The smallest and most ancient representative of the genus Megatherium Cuvier, 1796 (Xenarthra, Tardigrada, Megatheriidae), from the Pliocene of the Bolivian Altiplano
Auteurs : Pierre-Antoine Saint-Andre [France] ; Gerardo De Iuliis [Canada]Source :
- Geodiversitas [ 1280-9659 ] ; 2001.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
- Wicri :
- geographic : Bolivie.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
A new species of Megatherium Cuvier, 1796, M. altiplanicum n. sp., from the Montehermosan (Pliocene) of the north central Altiplano of Bolivia is described. It represents the earliest and smallest species of its genus and is the sister species of Megatherium americanum Cuvier, 1796 based on the following synapomorphies: very deep horizontal ramus of the dentary, prominent torsion of the femoral diaphysis, relatively concave medial and lateral femoral margins, and reduced patellar trochlea. The premaxillae are derived in being fused to each other and the maxilla, and relatively robust, features shared with M. americanum and M. tarijense Gervais & Ameghino, 1880, but those of M. americanum are more robust and quadrangular. In size, the new species resembles Eremotherium sefvei De Iuliis & Saint-André, 1997, but in the latter the femoral diaphysis is moderately twisted, the femoral margins are more nearly rectilinear, and the patellar trochlea unreduced. The presence of the new species in the Montehermosan suggests that the genus Megatherium had emerged by the beginning of the Pliocene, and that the most recent common ancestor of the clade (including also M. americanum and M. tarijense), predates the Pliocene. Megatherium was apparently adapted to a temperate climate, as opposed to the more tropical range occupied by Eremotherium Spillmann, 1948. The discovery of the new species possibly indicates broad ecological similarity between the Pliocene Altiplano and the Argentinian lowlands, and that the clade may have originated on the Altiplano.
Affiliations:
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Pascal:02-0090994Le document en format XML
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last="Saint-Andre">Pierre-Antoine Saint-Andre</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Laboratoire de Paléontologie, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, 8 rue Buffon</s1><s2>75231 Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Iuliis, Gerardo" sort="De Iuliis, Gerardo" uniqKey="De Iuliis G" first="Gerardo" last="De Iuliis">Gerardo De Iuliis</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Department of Zoology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G5</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><wicri:noRegion>Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G5</wicri:noRegion><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Faculty of Community Services and Health Sciences, George Brown College, 200 King Street East</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario, M5A 1J5</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><wicri:noRegion>Toronto, Ontario, M5A 1J5</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Geodiversitas</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Geodiversitas</title><idno type="ISSN">1280-9659</idno><imprint><date when="2001">2001</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Geodiversitas</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Geodiversitas</title><idno type="ISSN">1280-9659</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Altiplano</term><term>Bolivia</term><term>Mammalia</term><term>Pliocene</term><term>Xenarthra</term><term>biostratigraphy</term><term>bones</term><term>jaws</term><term>new taxa</term><term>skulls</term><term>teeth</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Altiplano</term><term>Bolivie</term><term>Mammalia</term><term>Xenarthra</term><term>Pliocène</term><term>Biostratigraphie</term><term>Taxon nouveau</term><term>Crâne</term><term>Dent</term><term>Mâchoire</term><term>Ossement</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Bolivie</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">A new species of Megatherium Cuvier, 1796, M. altiplanicum n. sp., from the Montehermosan (Pliocene) of the north central Altiplano of Bolivia is described. It represents the earliest and smallest species of its genus and is the sister species of Megatherium americanum Cuvier, 1796 based on the following synapomorphies: very deep horizontal ramus of the dentary, prominent torsion of the femoral diaphysis, relatively concave medial and lateral femoral margins, and reduced patellar trochlea. The premaxillae are derived in being fused to each other and the maxilla, and relatively robust, features shared with M. americanum and M. tarijense Gervais & Ameghino, 1880, but those of M. americanum are more robust and quadrangular. In size, the new species resembles Eremotherium sefvei De Iuliis & Saint-André, 1997, but in the latter the femoral diaphysis is moderately twisted, the femoral margins are more nearly rectilinear, and the patellar trochlea unreduced. The presence of the new species in the Montehermosan suggests that the genus Megatherium had emerged by the beginning of the Pliocene, and that the most recent common ancestor of the clade (including also M. americanum and M. tarijense), predates the Pliocene. Megatherium was apparently adapted to a temperate climate, as opposed to the more tropical range occupied by Eremotherium Spillmann, 1948. The discovery of the new species possibly indicates broad ecological similarity between the Pliocene Altiplano and the Argentinian lowlands, and that the clade may have originated on the Altiplano.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Canada</li><li>France</li></country><region><li>Ontario</li><li>Île-de-France</li></region><settlement><li>Paris</li><li>Toronto</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Toronto</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="France"><region name="Île-de-France"><name sortKey="Saint Andre, Pierre Antoine" sort="Saint Andre, Pierre Antoine" uniqKey="Saint Andre P" first="Pierre-Antoine" last="Saint-Andre">Pierre-Antoine Saint-Andre</name></region></country><country name="Canada"><region name="Ontario"><name sortKey="De Iuliis, Gerardo" sort="De Iuliis, Gerardo" uniqKey="De Iuliis G" first="Gerardo" last="De Iuliis">Gerardo De Iuliis</name></region><name sortKey="De Iuliis, Gerardo" sort="De Iuliis, Gerardo" uniqKey="De Iuliis G" first="Gerardo" last="De Iuliis">Gerardo De Iuliis</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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